Waipuke - Whakatauira Taumata Wai me ngā Rohe Waipuke a FEMA
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Ko te kit Flood he whakatauira i ngā taumata wai ki runga i te whenua, he whakaatu hoki i ngā rohe waipuke a FEMA. Tuhia he rohe, tīpakohia rānei he āhua kei te mahere kē, kātahi ka whakamahia ēnei taputapu:
- Water level: whakaarahia te wai ki runga i te whenua tūturu mā te kiriata-neke, ka matakitaki ai i te rerekē o te rohe waipuke, te hōhonu me te rōrahi i a koe e neke ana.
- FEMA flood zones: whakaatuhia ngā rohe waipuke a FEMA mō te rohe: ngā huarahi waipuke, ngā mānia waipuke 100-tau me te 500-tau, ngā rohe morearea nui o te takutai, ngā rohe aarai waipuke me ngā teitei waipuke tūāpapa (US).
Ka tāpiritia e ia whakahaerenga tētahi paparanga ki tō mahere me tētahi kāri pūrongo i te taha o te rohe kua tīpakohia.
Ngā here pūkete me te rohe-ine
Tuhipoka: He kit Pro Business a Flood. Ka whiwhi hoki ia pūkete kua takiuru i 3 tātaritanga waipuke kore utu hei whakamātau. Ka whakamahia tētahi ina utaina te whenua mō tētahi taumata wai, ina pānuitia hoki ngā rohe FEMA. Ki te rahua tētahi whakahaerenga, e kore e whakamahia tētahi, ā, e kore hoki e whakamahia tētahi ina nekehia te taumata wai, ina penapenahia rānei te mahere. Ka whakaatu te kit i te maha o ngā tātaritanga kore utu e toe ana ki a koe.
Hei ako i te whakapai ake, tirohia Me pēhea te whakapai ake ki tētahi kaute Pro.
Ka taea e te rohe te eke ki 25,000 eka (tata ki te 100 kiromita tapawhā).
Whakatuwherahia te kit Flood
- Whakatuwherahia te Maps & Data ka haere ki te ripa Kits.
- Kimihia te Flood ka pāwhiri i te Use Kit.
Ka taea hoki te pāwhiri-matau i tētahi polygon, rectangle, porowhita rānei i runga i tō mahere ka tīpako i te Simulate flood. Ka tuwhera te kit me taua āhua hei rohe.
Tīpakohia te rohe
- Use selected shape: ka tuwhera i tētahi rārangi o ngā rohe i runga i tō mahere. Pāwhiria tētahi, pāwhiria rānei te Select on map ka pāwhiri i te āhua i runga i te mahere.
- Draw area: pāwhiria te mahere hei whakaahua i te rohe, ka pāwhiri i te pona tuatahi hei whakaoti.
Ka whakaaturia te rohe kua tīpakohia i raro i ngā pātene me tōna tohu, ingoa me tōna rahi. Mēnā kei runga ake te rohe i te 25,000 eka, tuhia he mea iti ake.
Water level
- Whakatuwherahia te ripa Water level ka pāwhiri i te Create layer. Ka utaina e te kit te whenua mō te rohe i te wā kotahi.
- Tīpakohia te takenga mai o te wai i te Water comes:
- Across the edge (te taunoa): ka tū te wai ki te taumata kotahi huri noa i te rohe, ā, ka waipuke ki ngā wāhi katoa he iti iho te whenua, pērā i te awa waipuke, i te moana rānei.
- Lowest ground: ka tīmata te wai i te pae iti rawa i te rohe, mō tētahi roto, mō tētahi kōawa kati rānei.
- A marker you pick: ka tīmata te wai i tētahi tohu e uru mai ai, pērā i tētahi pakaru, i tētahi paipa wai pakaru, i tētahi puna wai, i te tahatika rānei. Tīpakohia te tohu i te rārangi, pāwhiria rānei te Select on map ka pāwhiri i a ia.
- Every low spot: ka kī ia wāhi kei raro i te taumata, ahakoa e hono ana, kāore rānei, pērā i te kī o ngā rua i te ua.
- Tīpakohia te āhua o te waipuke i te Flood by:
- Raising the level: he taumata wai tū kotahi ki runga i te whenua katoa e taea ana e te wai te tae atu. Whakamahia mō te taumata awa, moana rānei, mō te teitei waipuke tūāpapa rānei.
- Spreading out: ko koe te whakarite i te nui o te wai ka tukuna, ā, ka horapa atu i te puna ki runga i te whenua iti iho, ko te tata rawa te tuatahi. Ka whakamahia tēnei e te tohu ki te kore koe e whakarerekē.
- Nekehia te kiriata-neke, patohia rānei te piki (raising) me te wai kua tukuna (spreading). Ka rerekē te wai i runga i te mahere me ngā nama i a koe e neke ana. Ko te kāri pūrongo i runga i te mahere e whakaatu ana i ngā nama ōrite, he kiriata-neke tōna ake.
- Ka tāpiritia te waipuke ki tō mahere ina utaina te whenua, ki roto i tētahi kōpaki Flood: te wai hei paparanga whakaahua me tētahi kāri pūrongo me ngā nama. He kiriata-neke tōna ake te kāri pūrongo, nō reira ka taea te whakarerekē i te wai i te mahere ahakoa kua kati te kit Flood. Penapenahia tō mahere hei pupuri i te wai me ngā nama pēnei tonu.
Ko te whenua anake e taea e te wai te tae atu ka waipuke: ka pupuri tētahi aarai waipuke, tētahi rori teitei rānei i te whenua i te wai kia piki ra ano te wai ki runga ake.
Ka whakaatu te pūrongo i ēnei uara:
- Water surface: te teitei o te wai.
- Rise: te tawhiti o tērā ki runga ake i te whenua e puta mai ai te wai.
- Flooded: te rohe kei raro i te wai me tōna wāhi o tō rohe.
- Water volume (Water released rānei ina horapa): te nui o taua wai.
- Deepest me Average depth: te hōhonu o te wai.
Ka rere ngā tae mai i te kikorangi mārama (papaku) ki te kikorangi pōuri (8 m, hōhonu ake rānei).
Tuhipoka: He wai tū tēnei ki runga i te whenua, ehara i te matapae waipuke. Kāore e whakatauira i te tere o te rere o te wai, i te ua, i ngā waikeri tūpuhi, i ngā pakitara waipuke me ngā pamu kāore i te kitea i te whenua.
FEMA flood zones
Whakatuwherahia te ripa FEMA flood zones ka pāwhiri i te Create layer. Ka tāpiritia ngā rohe ki tō mahere, kua tāpaetia ki te tae mā te momo:
- Regulatory floodway: te awa me te whenua tata me noho māmā kia pahemo ai te waipuke 100-tau.
- 1% annual chance (100-year): ngā rohe A, AE, AH me AO.
- Coastal high hazard (V): ngā rohe takutai he tai-ngaru.
- 0.2% annual chance (500-year): te rohe X kua whakatārewatia.
- Reduced risk due to levee: te rohe X i muri i tētahi aarai waipuke kua whakamanahia.
- Minimal flood hazard: te rohe X kāore i whakatārewatia.
Ka whakaatu te pūrongo i te wāhi o ia momo o te rohe, te nui kei te mānia waipuke 100-tau, me ngā base flood elevations (BFE), te teitei e tūmanakohia ana e te waipuke 100-tau. Me whai inihua waipuke ngā whare kei te mānia waipuke 100-tau he mōkete tautoko-kāwanatanga tō.
Ina pānuitia ngā rohe, ka tukuna e te ripa Water level tētahi pātene Base flood elevation hei whakarite i te wai ki taua teitei, kia kitea ai te waipuke 100-tau i runga i te whenua.
Ko ētahi mahere waipuke tawhito e hoatu ana i ngā teitei ki te datum NGVD29. Ka whakamahia e tā mātou whenua te NAVD88, nō reira ka taea e ēnei te rerekē tae atu ki te hawhe mita tata; ka kī te pūrongo ina pērā.
Tuhipoka: He mea mō te whakamahere anake ngā rohe waipuke a FEMA. Ehara i te whakatau rohe waipuke ōkawa.
Penapena me te whakahaere i ngā hua
Ka tāpiritia ngā hua ki tētahi kōpaki Flood i runga i tō mahere, he kōpaki-iti mō ia rohe me ia whakahaerenga. Ka taea e koe te penapena, te tohatoha me te whakakore i ngā paparanga wai me ngā rohe FEMA pērā i ētahi atu ahanoa mahere. Kua rārangitia te whakahaerenga taumata wai i te Layers & Data hei Flood simulation. Ka mau tonu i tōna kāri pūrongo tōna kiriata-neke i a koe e mahi ana, ahakoa kua kati te kit. Ina penapenahia te mahere, ka penapenahia te wai pēnei i taua wā. Mukua te whakaahua wai hei whakaoti i te whakahaerenga; ka noho tonu tōna kāri pūrongo hei tuhinga.
Ngā puna raraunga
- Terrain: te teitei whenua a Scribble Maps: USGS 3DEP 1 m lidar puta noa i te nuinga o te US, me te teitei 10 ki te 30 m i ētahi atu wāhi o te ao. Ka whakaingoatia e ia kāri pūrongo tōna puna me tōna taumira.
- Flood zones: te FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer.
Ask Scribble
Hei whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga me Scribble, tāurutia he tono pēnei:
- "Raise the water 3 metres over this area."
- "What would a 2 metre sea level rise flood here?"
- "Show the FEMA flood zones for this neighbourhood."
- "Show the 100-year flood on the terrain here."
Tirohia hoki
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